What is Dental Bone Loss?
Patients can experience bone loss around the teeth and in the jaws. It is quite common for patients to experience bone loss after a tooth falls out or is extracted. It is especially prevalent in patients who have gum disease. Gum disease or periodontitis occurs when bacteria in dental plaque causes damage the bone that supports the teeth and holds them in place.
While bone loss can effect patients of all ages, however, it is most common in older adults.
Dental bone loss occurs when the bone that surrounds and supports the teeth shrinks. In most cases, this occurs as the result of infection or disease. The loss of bone can cause loose teeth, shifting of the teeth, in addition to gaps, and other issues. Bone loss can also effect the jawbone, which is especially common in patients with missing teeth.
Symptoms commonly associated with gum disease and bone loss can include loose teeth, tooth movement, and swollen or shrinking gums. The gums can also start to bleed during routine activities such as brushing. If a patient experiences these symptoms, they should reach out their dentist immediately as prompt treatment is critical in preserving the teeth and the best outcome.
Common signs of bone loss can include gaps between the teeth, bad breath, foul mouth odor, movement of the teeth, gums that bleed, are swollen, or recede. The dentist can identify the cause for these issues and recommend a treatment plan.
Bone loss in the gums is typically caused by tooth loss or periodontal disease. Bone loss around the teeth specifically can be due to damage after a patient experiences trauma or has an accident. Patients with a sports-related injury are especially likely to experience bone loss.
One of the greatest risk factors which puts patients at risk for gum disease and bone loss is smoking. Reputable data suggests that smoking significantly increases a patient’s risk for gum disease, bone loss, and severe outcomes. Patients who smoke may also find that the treatment is less effective as the body loses its ability to heal. Poor nutrition and certain medical conditions can also result in bone loss.
There are numerous treatment options that can help preserve the teeth and jawbone. It is important for all patients to have good oral hygiene practices. Good oral hygiene includes brushing at least twice each day, daily flossing, and visits to the dentist for a professional cleaning and examination. Good oral hygiene in addition to periodontal treatment can help to eradicate gum disease.
In cases where the bone structure is compromised, bone grafts can be used. This aids in strengthening and regenerating the bone. Bone grafts may also need to be used following the loss or extraction of teeth. This aids in providing adequate support for a dental implant.
Prevention is the key to avoiding dental bone loss. This includes practicing good oral care at home. Patients should use proper brushing techniques, eat a nutritious diet, maintain a healthy lifestyle, avoid smoking, and minimize the consumption of sugar. These good habits help promote healthy teeth and gums.
Patients with possible gum disease or bone loss should schedule an appointment with their dentist immediately. The dentist can help in identifying the specific cause of the issue, make a treatment plan, preserve the teeth, and avoid long-term damage.