Cracked Teeth & Extractions
Extraction of a cracked tooth is generally considered when the crack compromises the structural integrity of the tooth to the point where repair is not feasible or would not be successful in the long term. Here are some situations where extraction might be necessary:
1. Extensive Cracks
When a crack extends deep into the tooth, particularly into the pulp or root, it can be challenging to restore the tooth effectively. Extensive cracks can make the tooth unstable, increasing the risk of infection and further damage. In such cases, extraction might be the best option to prevent more serious complications, such as the spread of infection to surrounding teeth or the jawbone.
2. Infection
If a crack reaches the pulp, bacteria can enter and cause an infection. Root canal therapy is often the first line of treatment to save the tooth in these cases. However, if the infection has spread beyond the tooth, or if the crack has compromised the tooth to the extent that root canal therapy would not be effective, extraction may be necessary. Infections that are not treated promptly can lead to abscesses and other serious health issues, making it critical to address them quickly.
3. Split Tooth
A split tooth is often beyond repair because the crack has divided the tooth into two or more distinct parts. Even with modern dental techniques, rejoining these parts is not typically possible. Extraction is usually the recommended course of action to prevent ongoing pain, infection, and further complications. After extraction, discussing replacement options, such as dental implants or bridges, with your dentist will be important to maintain proper function and aesthetics.
4. Vertical Root Fractures
Vertical root fractures are cracks that begin in the root and extend upward. These fractures often go unnoticed until they cause significant pain or infection. Because they compromise the tooth’s foundation, they are particularly difficult to treat. In many cases, extraction is the most effective way to manage this type of crack, as it removes the source of pain and prevents the infection from spreading.
Alternatives to Extraction
While extraction is sometimes necessary, it is not always the first option. Many cracked teeth can be saved with less invasive treatments, depending on the severity and location of the crack.
1. Bonding
For minor cracks that do not affect the structural integrity of the tooth, bonding can be an effective solution. This procedure involves applying a tooth-colored resin to the cracked area, which is then shaped and hardened to restore the tooth’s appearance and function.
2. Crowns
A crown may be used to protect a cracked tooth that is at risk but still viable. Crowns cover the entire tooth, providing strength and preventing the crack from worsening. This is a common treatment for teeth with fractured cusps or cracks that have not yet reached the pulp.
3. Root Canal Therapy
If a crack has reached the pulp, root canal therapy might be necessary to remove the infected tissue and save the tooth. After the procedure, a crown is typically placed to protect the tooth and restore its function.